Light and color play fundamental roles in architecture. They increase the aesthetic value and shape how we experience a space. In fact, light is probably the most important consideration when choosing a color because light affects how we perceive color. This is why understanding the Light Reflectance Value (LRV) is so important.
What is the light reflectance value (LRV)? The LRV is the total amount of visible and usable light reflected by a surface in all directions when illuminated by a light source. This is measured as a percentage between 0 and 100, with absolute black having an LRV of 0 and white having an LRV of 100. Lighter colors typically have higher numbers than darker colors. The more light is reflected by a color, the higher the LRV; the more light is absorbed by a color, the lower the LRV. However, texture can also impact LRV, as rough textures tend to reflect less visible light.
The Role of LRV in Architectural Planning
Knowing a color’s LRV is important when choosing colors because it helps architects and designers realize their vision exactly as they imagine it. As they are selecting interior and exterior finishes or cladding materials, they are mindful of the fact that light and bright colors with a higher LRV make spaces feel more open, while dark, saturated colors can make a space feel warmer and cozier.
LRV also has an impact on the energy use or energy efficiency of a building. Because lighter color reflects more light, buildings using these types of colors on exterior facades in hot climates won’t require as much air-conditioning. Color selection should take into consideration the climate of the building location (ambient temperatures) and the angle of incidence of the sun to the surface to optimize energy efficiency.
LRV should also be considered where safety is a concern. Higher LRV colors can be used to improve visibility and lighting in areas like parking garages, staircases, and other safety-critical zones.
The Relationship Between LRV and Durability
Color and LRV obviously affect mood and perception, but what about durability? Absolutely. Low LRV colors absorb more heat. If you think about this from an exterior cladding standpoint, the heat that is absorbed day after day can accelerate fading and increase chalking, adversely shortening the lifespan of the cladding due to UV degradation. Higher LRV colors, on the other hand, tend to last longer under UV exposure and generally require less frequent maintenance.
This is not to say that low LRV colors cannot be used on the exterior of a façade, but they may require more maintenance. Thoughtful design solutions and creative use of architectural elements, such as roof overhangs and awnings, can mitigate the durability challenges of low LRV colors.
LRV: Critical for Balancing Aesthetics and Performance
Where LRV is especially useful to architects and designers is it helps them find the perfect balance between aesthetics and performance. In some environments, the LRV may not be as important, and the aesthetic vision is all that matters. That isn’t the case most of the time. Often, there are several factors to consider when choosing color. By knowing the LRV of the short-listed colors, the designer or architect can determine the right balance between aesthetics and performance for that space. For an exterior space where the façade cladding is constantly bombarded by the elements, performance may be prioritized, and they may choose a color with a higher LRV. In an interior space, they may prioritize the experience they are targeting.
Advanced Tools that Make It Easy to Navigate Color and LRV
Sto is a company obsessed with color. We consider ourselves well-versed in integrating technical color considerations into architectural solutions and we have the user-friendly tools to prove it.
The Sto Color System is a unique planning tool for the use of color in architecture. It is the go-to solution for energy-efficient and durable designs. Sto Color offers:
- A clear, logical system construction, quick and easy to understand
- Guidance on selecting the right LRV based on climate, building purpose, and design priorities
- Reliable application of design through a harmonic, finely nuanced selection of colors for facade and interior use
- Ergonomic perception-oriented presentation media for all phases of color design
We offer a range of other design tools as well, including the Aesthetic+Product Selector, which assists in determining the various material options to achieve a desired aesthetic, the Finish Selector Tool, which makes it easy to understand various finish options for your project, and StoInspire, which allows users to visualize Sto colors and façade cladding options on a building. Sto also offers Sto Studio, a unique service geared to assist in the architectural design process. Our team collaborates to create a complete façade concept, including color and material options and a range of visual representations of the completed project.
Learn More About LRV and Sto’s Color Tools
Sto is committed to providing creative freedom for architects and designers. That’s why we offer a range of tools for you to use and some of the most advanced coatings in the world. It’s also why our team is always available to answer any questions you may have. Call us!
To reach our design team or a product specialist, call (800) 221-2397.
